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Kubernetes – Introduction

 

Kubernetes, also known as “K8’s,” is an open-source platform for orchestrating containerized applications. The Cloud Native Computing Foundation maintains it now that Google developed it.

Kubernetes has the following key features and components:

  • Containerization: Kubernetes is designed to work with containerized applications. Containers are isolated, lightweight environments that package an application along with its dependencies and runtime. Kubernetes can run multiple containers on a single node, making it efficient and scalable.
  • Nodes: Kubernetes clusters consist of nodes, which are individual servers or virtual machines that run the Kubernetes software. Nodes are divided into two categories: worker nodes and control plane nodes. Control plane nodes manage the cluster, while worker nodes run the containerized applications.
  • Pods: In Kubernetes, pods are the smallest deployable units. They contain one or more containers that share the same network namespace and storage. Kubernetes manages the scheduling and scaling of pods, ensuring that they are always running and healthy.
  • Services: Services provide a stable IP address and DNS name for a set of pods, allowing them to be accessed by other pods or external clients. Services can load-balance traffic across multiple pods and provide features like SSL termination and session affinity.
  • Controllers: Controllers are responsible for maintaining the desired state of the cluster. They ensure that the right number of pods are running and replace failed pods as needed. Kubernetes provides several built-in controllers, including ReplicaSets, Deployments, and StatefulSets.
  • ConfigMaps and Secrets: ConfigMaps and Secrets are Kubernetes objects that allow you to manage configuration data and sensitive information, such as passwords and API keys. ConfigMaps are used to store non-sensitive data, while Secrets are used to store sensitive data in an encrypted format.
  • Volumes: Volumes are used to provide persistent storage for containers. Kubernetes supports a variety of volume types, including local disks, network storage, and cloud storage providers.
  • Helm: The Helm package manager for Kubernetes allows you to manage and install applications and services. Helm packages are called charts, and they include all the necessary Kubernetes objects, configuration data, and dependencies.

Overall, Kubernetes provides a powerful platform for deploying and managing containerized applications at scale. It abstracts away the complexity of managing containers and allows developers to focus on writing code, while operations teams can focus on managing the infrastructure.